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The Dangers of Exposure to Asbestos Before it was banned asbestos was still used in a variety of commercial products. According to research, asbestos exposure can cause cancer, as well as other health problems. You cannot tell if something includes asbestos by looking at it and you won't be able to taste or smell it. Asbestos is only detectable when materials containing it are broken, drilled, or chipped. Chrysotile At its height, chrysotile was responsible for 99% of the asbestos produced. It was used by many industries, including construction insulation, fireproofing and insulation. In the event that workers were exposed to this toxic material, they could develop mesothelioma and other asbestos-related diseases. Thankfully, the use of this harmful mineral has diminished significantly since awareness of mesothelioma began to spread in the 1960's. It is still found in a variety of products we use today. Chrysotile is safe to use provided you have a comprehensive safety and handling program in place. Workers handling chrysotile are not exposed to an unreasonable amount of risk based on the current limit of exposure. The inhalation of airborne particles is strongly linked to lung cancer and lung fibrosis. This has been proven to be true for both intensity (dose) and time span of exposure. In meridian asbestos lawyer were compared among a factory which used largely chlorosotile to make friction materials and the national death rate. It was found that over the course of 40 years, processing chrysotile asbestos at low levels of exposure there was no significant additional mortality in this factory. Chrysotile fibres tend to be shorter than other types of asbestos. They are able to penetrate the lungs, and then pass through the bloodstream. This makes them much more prone to cause negative effects than fibres with longer lengths. It is very difficult for chrysotile fibers to be inhaled or to pose a health risk when mixed with cement. Fibre cement products have been extensively used throughout the world particularly in buildings like hospitals and schools. Research has demonstrated that amphibole asbestos, like amosite, crocidolite, or crocidolite, is less likely than chrysotile in causing diseases. These amphibole varieties are the primary cause of mesothelioma and other asbestos-related diseases. When cement and chrysotile mix and cured, a tough and flexible material is created that can withstand extreme environmental hazards and weather conditions. It is also easy to clean after use. Professionals can safely eliminate asbestos fibres when they have been removed. Amosite Asbestos is a grouping of fibrous silicates that are found in certain types rock formations. It is comprised of six main groups: amphibole, serpentine, tremolite, anthophyllite and crocidolite (IARC, 1973). Asbestos minerals consist of thin, long fibers that vary in length from fine to broad. They can also be curled or straight. These fibres can be found in nature as bundles or individual fibrils. Asbestos minerals are also found as a powder (talc) or mixed with other minerals and sold as vermiculite and talcum powder which are widely used in consumer products like baby powder cosmetics, face powder and other. Asbestos was extensively used in the early two-thirds of the 20th century for construction of ships insulation, fireproofing, insulation and other construction materials. The majority of asbestos-related exposures in the workplace were in the air, but some workers were also exposed to asbestos-bearing rocks and vermiculite that was contaminated. Exposures varied from industry to industry, era to era and geographic location. The majority of occupational exposures to asbestos were because of inhalation, but some workers were also exposed by skin contact or through eating contaminated food. Asbestos can only be found in the air due to natural weathering and degradation of contaminated products like ceiling and floor tiles as well as car brakes and clutches as well as insulation. There is growing evidence that non-commercial amphibole fibers could also be carcinogenic. These are fibers that don't form the tightly weaved fibrils of amphibole or serpentine minerals but instead are flexible, loose and needle-like. These fibers can be found in the cliffs and mountains in a variety of countries. Asbestos can be absorbed into the environment in many ways, such as in airborne particles. It can also be released into soil or water. This is caused by both natural (weathering of asbestos-bearing rocks) and anthropogenic sources (disintegration of asbestos-containing wastes and disposal in landfill sites). Asbestos contamination of ground and surface water is mostly due to natural weathering. However, it has also been caused by human activities such as milling and mining demolition and dispersal of asbestos-containing material and the disposal of contaminated dumping ground in landfills (ATSDR, 2001). The inhalation of asbestos fibres is the most common cause of illness in people exposed to asbestos in the workplace. Crocidolite Exposure to asbestos through inhalation is the most frequent method by which people are exposed harmful fibres. They can be absorbed into the lungs and cause serious health problems. Mesothelioma, asbestosis and other diseases can be caused by asbestos fibres. Exposure to asbestos fibres can be experienced in other ways, like contact with contaminated clothing or building materials. The dangers of this kind of exposure are more pronounced when crocidolite (the blue form of asbestos, is involved. Crocidolite is a smaller, more fragile fibers, which are easier to inhale and can lodge deeper in lung tissue. It has been linked to a greater number of mesothelioma related cases than any other type of asbestos. The main kinds are chrysotile and amosite. The most well-known forms of asbestos are epoxiemite and chrysotile, which together comprise the majority of commercial asbestos used. The other four asbestos types aren't as prevalent, but could still be present in older structures. They are less harmful than chrysotile and amosite, but they can pose a risk when mixed with other asbestos minerals or when mined in close proximity to other naturally occurring mineral deposits, like vermiculite or talc. Numerous studies have revealed an connection between asbestos exposure and stomach cancer. Several studies have found a link between asbestos exposure and stomach. The evidence is not conclusive. Some researchers have cited an SMR (standardized death ratio) of 1.5 (95 percent confidence interval: 0.7-3.6), for all asbestos workers, whereas others have reported an SMR of 1,24 (95% confidence interval: 0.76-2.5), for those working in mines and chrysotile mills. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified all asbestos types as carcinogenic. All kinds of asbestos may cause mesothelioma and other health issues, however the risks are different based on the amount of exposure that individuals are exposed to, the kind of asbestos involved and the duration of their exposure and the manner in the way that it is breathed in or ingested. The IARC has advised that avoid all forms of asbestos should be the highest priority since this is the most secure option for individuals. However, if someone has been exposed to asbestos in the past and suffer from an illness such as mesothelioma or other respiratory diseases They should seek advice from their physician or NHS 111. Amphibole Amphibole is one of the minerals that form long prism or needlelike crystals. They are an inosilicate minerals made of double chains of SiO4 molecules. They have a monoclinic arrangement of crystals, however some have an orthorhombic structure. The general formula of an amphibole is A0-1B2C5T8O22(OH,F)2. The double chains are composed of (Si,Al)O4 Tetrahedrons, which are connected in rings of six. The tetrahedrons can be separated from each other by octahedral sites that are surrounded by strips. Amphibole minerals are common in metamorphic and igneous rocks. They are typically dark-colored and hard. Due to their similarity of hardness and color, they could be difficult for some to distinguish from Pyroxenes. They also share a similar design of cleavage. However their chemistry allows many different compositions. The chemical compositions and crystal structures of the various minerals in amphibole can be used to determine their composition. The five types of asbestos belonging to the amphibole family are amosite, anthophyllite and chrysotile as well as crocidolite and actinolite. The most widely used asbestos type is chrysotile each type has its own unique characteristics. Crocidolite is the most dangerous asbestos kind. It contains sharp fibers that are easily breathed into the lung. Anthophyllite is brown to yellowish in color and is composed of iron and magnesium. It was previously used in cement-based products and insulation materials. Amphiboles are difficult to analyse because of their complex chemical structure and the numerous substitutions. Therefore, a detailed analysis of their composition requires special techniques. The most popular methods of identifying amphiboles include EDS, WDS, and XRD. However, these methods only provide approximate identifications. These techniques, for instance, cannot distinguish between magnesio hornblende and magnesio hastingsite. Additionally, these techniques do not distinguish between ferro-hornblende and pargasite.